AWS Interview Questions for Freshers

What is AWS?

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a leading cloud computing platform offering various services, including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) for scalable and flexible computing needs.

What is an EC2 instance?

Amazon EC2 provides virtual servers (instances) in the cloud. It offers easy setup and management, scalability, and allows you to configure security settings and network connections.

What is S3 in AWS?

S3 (Simple Storage Service) is a secure and scalable object storage service, suitable for storing data in the cloud, such as for websites, apps, backups, and big data analysis.

What is IAM in AWS?

IAM (Identity and Access Management) is a service for controlling access to AWS resources. It manages permissions and ensures authorized access to your resources.

What is RDS in AWS?

RDS (Relational Database Service) is a managed database service that simplifies database setup and operation, allowing you to focus on using databases.

What is Lambda in AWS?

AWS Lambda is a serverless computing service that manages servers, scaling, and infrastructure for running code, and simplifying application development.

What is CloudFormation in AWS?

AWS CloudFormation automates resource setup and configuration using templates, streamlining the management of AWS resources.

What is VPC in AWS?

Amazon VPC allows you to create a private network in the cloud with control and flexibility, similar to traditional data centers.

What is Auto Scaling in AWS?

AWS Auto Scaling automatically adjusts application resources to maintain performance and optimize costs.

What is Route 53 in AWS?

Route 53 is a scalable DNS service for routing requests to applications, improving accessibility and reliability.

What is CloudWatch in AWS?

CloudWatch is a monitoring service that collects data and provides insights into the performance of AWS resources and applications.

What is SNS in AWS?

SNS (Simple Notification Service) facilitates message delivery between components in an application, enhancing communication and flexibility.

What is SQS in AWS?

SQS (Simple Queue Service) is a managed message queuing service that decouples application components for improved scalability and reliability.

What is DynamoDB in AWS?

DynamoDB is a managed NoSQL database service that simplifies database setup and scaling while ensuring security.

What is CloudFront in AWS?

CloudFront is a content delivery network service that accelerates content delivery and reduces latency for web applications.

What is the difference between Amazon S3 and EBS?

Amazon S3 is object storage, while EBS provides block-level storage volumes. S3 is used for storing data accessible via HTTP/HTTPS, whereas EBS is attached to EC2 instances for direct data access.

How does AWS Lambda enable serverless computing?

AWS Lambda simplifies server management, handles scaling, and bills based on actual usage, allowing developers to focus on code.

What are the key features and benefits of AWS Lambda?

Benefits include server management elimination, automatic scaling, cost efficiency, developer focus on coding, application modernization, and comprehensive support.

What is the difference between Amazon DynamoDB and traditional relational databases?

DynamoDB is a NoSQL database with flexible schema design and automatic scaling. Traditional relational databases use fixed schemas, SQL, strong data consistency, and complex queries.

What are the features and benefits of Amazon CloudWatch?

Amazon CloudWatch collects data, monitors systems, takes actions, provides insights, ensures security compliance, and enhances overall system performance.

What is the purpose of Amazon Route 53?

Amazon Route 53 is a scalable DNS service for registering domains, routing DNS requests, and monitoring resource health.

How does AWS Elastic Load Balancing distribute traffic to EC2 instances?

AWS Elastic Load Balancing routes traffic to healthy EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, ensuring efficient load distribution.

What is the role of AWS Direct Connect?

AWS Direct Connect provides a secure, low-latency connection between on-premises networks and AWS cloud services, ideal for high-speed, private data transfers.

What are the advantages of using Amazon ElastiCache?

Amazon ElastiCache offers fast response times, managed operations, high availability, security, and cost optimization for caching needs.

What is Amazon S3 Glacier used for?

Amazon S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval stores archived data at a low cost, enabling quick data retrieval when needed.

How does AWS Auto Scaling help in managing application scalability?

AWS Auto Scaling adjusts resources automatically based on defined policies to ensure applications can handle variable workloads.

How are AWS Step Functions used?

AWS Step Functions orchestrate and coordinate tasks across multiple AWS services to automate business processes and build complex applications.

What are the key features of AWS AppSync?

AWS AppSync simplifies GraphQL API development with features like unified data access, real-time data, and serverless operations.

What is the difference between Amazon Kinesis and AWS Data Pipeline? Amazon Kinesis focuses on real-time streaming data processing, while AWS Data Pipeline orchestrates batch data movement and transformation.

What is the purpose of AWS Snowball?

AWS Snowball provides secure devices for transferring data between remote locations and AWS, even in challenging environments.

How does Amazon EMR simplify big data processing?

Amazon EMR simplifies big data processing by automating the deployment and scaling of popular frameworks like Hadoop and Spark.

What are the features and benefits of AWS CloudFront?

AWS CloudFront accelerates content delivery, reduces latency, and improves web application performance through caching and content delivery from edge locations.

What is AWS Snowflake used for?

AWS Snowflake is a cloud-based data warehousing solution for scalable storage and analytics, allowing efficient data analysis.

What is the purpose of AWS Glue in ETL processes?

AWS Glue simplifies ETL processes by discovering, cataloging, and transforming data from various sources for analysis.

What is Amazon Athena used for?

Amazon Athena is an interactive query service for analyzing data directly in Amazon S3 using standard SQL queries.

What are the use cases and benefits of Amazon EKS?

Amazon EKS is a managed Kubernetes service, suitable for organizations using Kubernetes for container orchestration.

What is Amazon Cognito used for?

Amazon Cognito provides user authentication, authorization, and user management for web and mobile applications, simplifying user access control.

What is the purpose of AWS Secrets Manager?

AWS Secrets Manager securely stores and manages secrets like API keys and passwords, providing centralized and secure secret management.

What is AWS WAF used for?

AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall) helps protect web applications from common web exploits and attacks by filtering and monitoring incoming web traffic.

What are the features and advantages of AWS CodeDeploy?

AWS CodeDeploy automates application deployments, offers scalability, and flexibility, and reduces downtime during updates.

What is AWS Data Pipeline used for?

AWS Data Pipeline orchestrates and automates data movement and transformation between different AWS services and data sources.

What is the purpose of AWS X-Ray?

AWS X-Ray helps analyze and debug distributed applications, providing insights into component performance and troubleshooting.

What is Amazon EFS used for?

Amazon EFS is a managed file storage service that allows multiple instances to access the same data simultaneously, providing scalable and fully managed file storage.

What are the key features and use cases of Amazon CloudSearch?

Amazon CloudSearch offers full-text search, faceted search, and relevance ranking, making it suitable for building search functionality into applications.

What is the purpose of AWS OpsWorks?

AWS OpsWorks is a configuration management service that automates the deployment and management of applications and infrastructure, supporting popular DevOps tools.

What is Amazon GuardDuty used for?

Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service that continuously monitors and analyzes logs to identify potential security threats and protect AWS accounts and workloads.

What is the difference between Amazon S3 and Amazon EFS?

Amazon S3 is object storage, while Amazon EFS is file storage. S3 stores individual files and provides HTTP/HTTPS access, while EFS allows file system-level access and can be mounted on multiple instances.

What is AWS CodeCommit used for?

AWS CodeCommit is a managed source control service that enables secure and scalable Git-based repository management for code collaboration and change tracking.

What are the advantages of using Amazon Neptune?

Amazon Neptune is a graph database service suitable for use cases like social networking, recommendation engines, and fraud detection due to its scalability and connected data storage.

What is the purpose of AWS Elemental MediaConvert?

AWS Elemental MediaConvert is a file-based video transcoding service that converts media files into various formats for playback on different devices and platforms.

What is the difference between Amazon SNS and SQS?

Amazon SNS is a push-based messaging service, while SQS is a pull-based message queuing service for decoupled application components.

What is the purpose of Amazon CloudFront?

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery network service that accelerates content delivery by caching and delivering content from locations close to end-users.

What are the advantages of using Amazon VPC?

Amazon VPC provides secure and isolated networking capabilities, allowing the definition and control of virtual network environments.

How does Amazon ECS facilitate containerized applications?

Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service) simplifies the deployment, management, and scaling of Docker containers, providing a scalable platform for containerized applications.

What are the benefits of using AWS Lambda@Edge?

AWS Lambda@Edge allows code execution at edge locations of Amazon CloudFront, enabling customization and optimization of content delivery.

How does Amazon Redshift differ from traditional relational databases? Amazon Redshift is a fully managed data warehousing solution designed for analyzing large-scale datasets, offering high performance and scalability.

What is the purpose of AWS CloudFormation?

AWS CloudFormation allows you to define and provision infrastructure resources using templates, simplifying infrastructure management through code.

How does AWS Elastic Beanstalk simplify application deployment?

AWS Elastic Beanstalk automates deployment, scaling, and management of applications, abstracting infrastructure details and reducing operational complexities.

What are the core features of AWS Glue?

AWS Glue is an ETL service that automates data discovery, cataloging, transformation, and job scheduling, simplifying data preparation.

How does Amazon Aurora provide high-performance and scalable database capabilities?

Amazon Aurora combines the performance and availability of traditional databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open-source databases, offering high-performance database capabilities.

What are the key features of Amazon CloudWatch?

Amazon CloudWatch enables monitoring and management of AWS resources, offering features like metrics monitoring, alarm creation, and log generation for troubleshooting.

What is the purpose of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)?

AWS IAM manages user identities and access to AWS resources, enabling user creation, permission assignment, and control over AWS services.